Historic Fort Greene Brooklyn

Author Archive

2005 Brooklyn Borough President Debates

Friday, October 7th, 2005

DEBATE: Candidates for Brooklyn Borough President 2005-
On September 19, the FGA hosted a debate among the four candidates for the office of Brooklyn Borough President. Pictured (from L-R) are the incumbent Marty Markowitz and challengers Gloria Mattera, Theodore Alatsas and Gary Popkin. 275 people attended the event that was co-sponsored by eight other community groups and organizations.
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Moderator
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Brad Lander
Director, Pratt Center for Community Development
Brad Lander is director of the Pratt Institute Center for Community and Environmental Development. The Pratt Center supports community-based organizations in New York City in their work to combat poverty and inequality, to promote sustainable and equitable community development, and to plan and realize futures shaped by community voice and vision. Lander is also an adjunct professor in Pratt’s Graduate Center for Planning and the Environment.
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Marty Markowitz
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Democratic Party/Working Families Party
Born and raised in Crown Heights, Borough President Marty Markowitz began his public career at the age of 26 by organizing the Flatbush Tenants Council, which grew into the largest tenants’ advocacy organization in New York State. Marty was elected to the State Senate in 1979, but his dream has always been to lead Brooklyn as borough president, a goal he attained when he arrived in office in 2002.
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Gloria Mattera

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Green Party
Gloria Mattera is currently Co-chair of the Green Party of New York State and active in Park Slope Greens local. She was the Green Party candidate for City Council in District 39 in Brooklyn in 2001 and 2003. Gloria has been a long time activist in the universal health care movement and currently serves on the Executive Board of the New York chapter of Physicians for a National Health Program.

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Theodore Alatsas
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Republican Party/Conservative Party
Theodore Alatsas, the son of Greek immigrants, was a lifelong resident of Sheepshead Bay before moving to Bergen Beach in 2000. Upon graduation from St. John’s Law School, Theodore began his neighborhood law practice above his parents’ grocery store. Theodore currently has received the endorsement of the Republican and Conservative Parties, and serves in various civic organizations and legal counsel and board member.
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Gary Popkin
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Libertarian Party
Gary Popkin is retired after teaching for 34 years at New York City College of Technology. He is now producing a weekly libertarian cable-TV talk show called Hardfire (http://www.Hardfire.net). Gary was elected to community school board 15 in Brooklyn in 1999, and is the temporary chair of the Kings County Affiliate of the Libertarian Party of New York. He lives in Park Slope with his wife and has two grandchildren.
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Presented by the Fort Greene Association
Co-Sponsored by the following Community Organizations:
Atlantic Avenue Betterment Association
Carroll Gardens Neighborhood Association
Clinton Avenue/Wallabout Block Association
Clinton Hill Association
Cobble Hill Association
Myrtle Avenue Brooklyn Partnership
Park Slope Civic Council
Vinegar Hill Association
The Fort Greene Association is grateful to Rev. Dave Dyson, the congregation and the staff of the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church — for allowing their historic home to serve as Fort Greene’s “Town Hall”. Also, thank you to the Candidates, our Moderator Brad Lander, each of the Co-Sponsoring organizations and especially everyone in the audience for coming out and participating.
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-Scale Back Atlantic Yards Plan, Says Borough President
By Joe Maniscalco

Originally published in the FORT GREENE COURIER, 09/23/2005. Reproduced by permission of Courier-Life Publications, http://www.fortgreenecourier.com

Say what? With the highly touted Atlantic Yards Community Benefits Agreement inked and developer Bruce Ratner’s deal with the MTA locked up, Borough President Marty Markowitz dropped a bombshell this week when he announced that the multi-billion dollar project bringing skyscrapers and a 18,000-seat basketball arena to the heart of downtown Brooklyn should be scaled down.
Markowitz made the announcement at a candidates debate held at the Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church in Fort Greene on Monday between the Democratic incumbent and challengers Gloria Mattera, representing the Green Party, Theodore Alatsas, running on the Republican/Conservative line and Libertarian candidate Gary Popkin. “We do have to scale down this project,” Markowitz declared. “There is no question. Now is the time for all of us to join together to work cooperatively, collaboratively to downscale this project and to make it more reflective of the needs of the entire community.” Markowitz has been a driving force behind the proposal, which would fulfill his longtime dream of bringing an NBA basketball team to Brooklyn. As anticipated, affordable housing and Ratner’s Atlantic Yards project dominated the debate, which pitted Markowitz against Mattera, a former candidate for New York City Council, who has made her opposition to Ratner’s plan a cornerstone of her campaign for the borough presidency.
The two sparred over the hot-button issues while Alatsas, an attorney active in civic organizations and Popkin, a retired instructor at the NYC College of Technology, expounded on their one-note strategies for improving life in Brooklyn - greater economic development for the former and less government involvement for the latter.
Mattera, a child development specialist, decried the growing power of developers and the dwindling voice of the community in major land-use projects like Atlantic Yards and Brooklyn Bridge Park.
“I think the key question is what fits in the community?” said Mattera. “What are the community’s needs? The community feels that it hasn’t been heard.”
The Green Party candidate called for strengthening neighborhood involvement at the lowest levels of government by giving individual community boards more power in land-use issues.
Mattera also criticized the absence of a strong Brooklyn presence on the City Planning Board.
Markowitz, meanwhile, insisted that “Today, in so many positive ways, Brooklyn is hip and chic.”
As a result, the borough president said that increasing numbers of residents from Manhattan and around the nation were moving to Brooklyn, sparking an “astronomical” demand for housing.
With no room left to build traditional housing, Markowitz suggested that Brooklyn was being forced to build vertically.
“In some neighborhoods you have a real issue of overdevelopment,” he said. That’s why I’ve been aggressive in working to downzone those areas to make sure we maintain the character of those neighborhoods so that those areas that are primarily one- and two-family homes continue to reflect that type of living. Every neighborhood is unique unto itself.”
Markowitz insisted that he uses every opportunity as borough president to vigorously push for affordable housing.
“The first question I ask of each and every developer is to guarantee me a certain percentage of affordable housing,” he said.
Mattera challenged the borough president.
“You asked every developer but one [Ratner],” she said. “Or else you just fell for the lies. The only way to get the private sector to build affordable housing - if that’s how we want to do it - is to say there must be mandatory percentages of affordable housing. Not memorandums of understanding, agreements with some community groups and not others. Mandatory or you don’t build, or you don’t get the incentives,” she said, arguing that the borough president and the City Council could pressure the state to adopt such measures.
Lacking federal subsidies, Markowitz said the borough now has to “leverage the city’s land-use powers with developers that are willing to build and provide the necessary incentives so that we build the maximum amount of affordable housing.”
Mattera charged that “the city planning process has been hijacked by developers and special interests.”
“People who need the housing should be able to talk about what kind of housing they need,” she said. “And we should think about the rent control laws that have been whittled away to seeming non-existence. That’s what we need to strengthen and expand.”
According to Markowitz, upcoming scoping sessions will give the community the opportunity to address environmental issues and traffic and density concerns surrounding the Atlantic Yards plan.
A public hearing on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) for the Atlantic Yards project will be held on October 18, from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. at New York City College of Technology, 285 Jay Street.
“You and I together now have the greatest opportunity to shape this project to mitigate those absolutely meritorious concerns,” Markowitz told listeners.
But Mattera dismissed the claim. “That’s all very well and good to say now,” she said. “But it’s not up to us. It’s up to you to call up Bruce Ratner and tell him to scale down, don’t take taxpayers’ money and build the arena yourself with your own money.”
Mattera argued that Ratner’s Atlantic Yards plan actually contains far fewer jobs than advertised, and that there was no guarantee that whatever jobs are actually available will go to people in the community.
“Some of the affordable housing,” she said “will be for people making $75,000 annually. Do you consider that affordable when the average income in Brooklyn is under $35,000?”
At the same time, Mattera said that the massive plan would increase the need for police, sanitation and schools in the area.
Alatsas called the project “a landmark that we’re going to appreciate for the next 50, 60, 70 years.”
Popkin said that he didn’t think it was the role of government to decide “who should build what where.”
Mattera called Brooklyn Bridge Park “yet another example of the fact that Brooklynites are not going to get any park space.”
“Brooklyn Bridge Park is an outdoor shopping mall,” she said. “They expect the park to pay for itself. Why does a park have to pay for itself? That’s what the city should be providing for residents.”
Markowitz also used Monday’s forum to reiterate his opposition to Wal-Mart opening in Brooklyn. After meeting with corporate representatives, Marty said Wal-Mart was “absolutely not ready for Brooklyn.”
“If they think they had a fight with Queens, you watch us because we’re the county of Kings,” he declared.
©Courier-Life Publications 2005

Help Save Admiral’s Row

Saturday, October 1st, 2005

Reprinted with permission
Coalition Steps Up Effort
To Save Decrepit but Historic Houses at Navy Yard
by Raanan Geberer ([email protected]),
published online 10-13-2005
Industrial Park Wants To Demolish Them When It Takes Title to Land
BROOKLYN — Giving new life to a long-running issue, community groups stretching from Boerum Hill to Fort Greene, as well as historic preservation organizations, are stepping up their campaign to save at least some of the historic “Admiral’s Row” officers’ houses at the former Brooklyn Navy Yard.
Meanwhile, the word from Eric Deutsch, president of the Brooklyn Navy Yard industrial park, which occupies most of the former U.S. Navy installation, is that the long-unused houses are so far gone that they can’t be saved.
Indeed, he said, any attempt to replicate them would make it unfeasible for new commercial and industrial businesses to come to this section of the Navy Yard.
What’s making this issue urgent in the eyes of the preservationists, who have banded together under the aegis of the Admiral’s Row Coalition, is the fact that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, which owns the houses and surrounding land, has agreed to transfer property rights to the city.
The city would then, according to Deutsch, lease the property to the Navy Yard industrial park. This must go through the city’s ULURP (Uniform Land Use Review Process), and the City Council is expected to decide on the matter by the end of the month.
Some of the many members of the coalition include the Historic Districts Council, New York Landmarks Conservancy, Fort Greene Association, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn Heights Association, Boerum Hill Association and others.
Paul Palazzo, of the Fort Greene Association, acknowledges that the houses, some of which date back to the Civil War, are in “terrible shape especially the wooden extensions,” and questions a survey the Navy Yard industrial park took about 10 years ago that concluded that they are beyond repair.
The coalition, he says, recently commissioned a new engineering survey by Robert Silman Associates that concluded that “six of the masonry brick buildings are salvageable,” although the buildings’ wood additions and decks, and other buildings that are completely made of wood, are not.
Commenting on reports that a “big box” store was envisioned for the site, Palazzo said, “I spoke to the Farragut Houses tenants’ association. They said they don’t want a box store; what they do want are smaller stores like dry cleaners, day care centers, job training facilities.” These, he said, are the types of uses that could be situated in the refurbished old officers’ houses.
“The point is,” he said, “that this is a piece of Brooklyn history. Brooklynites feel attached to this for a good reason, because of the Brooklyn effort during World War II,” when the Navy Yard was building ships day and night.
‘Not Barracks — Mansions’
Alex Herrera of the New York Landmarks Conservancy also said that the masonry portions of the buildings can be saved, although the roofs would have to be rebuilt, as would wooden additions such as porches.
“These homes were once an important part of the social life of the Navy Yard,” he said. “These were not barracks — they were mansions.”
Simeon Bankoff, executive director of the Historic Districts Council, said that instead of having the city hand the property off to the Navy Yard, the city should “mothball” or weatherproof the houses, then issue an RFP for development ideas.
“These houses are very much worthy of being preserved,” he said, saying they were built in the “Second Empire Style.” By contrast, he said, the officers’ houses on Governors Island are “simpler, plainer.”
Deutsch of the Navy Yard said that the yard plans “to redevelop the site to create more industrial and retail jobs. We would like to use part of the site for more industrial space, and some of the frontage along Flushing Avenue for retail.”
He stressed that the Navy Yard has spent many thousands of dollars and many man-hours inspecting the Admiral’s Row area, and that if the houses were rebuilt, “we would be replicating, not preserving, them — I’ve gone to some of those houses, and then gone back a few weeks later, and the part that I’d been standing in had collapsed.”
Deutsch said the Navy Yard is committed to historic preservation. “We do use a number of 19th century buildings today, and spent several hundred thousands of our own money to rehabilitate the old Navy Hospital and Surgeon’s House, which we only got back [from the federal government] about five years ago. But those were buildings that could be preserved.”
Deutsch and his critics do agree on one thing: that the federal government has been a terrible guardian of the site, allowing the buildings’ condition to go from bad to worse.
After the U.S. Navy closed the original Navy Yard in the mid-1960s, it continued to house some personnel in the officers’ houses until the mid-1970s, but afterward transferred ownership of the site to the Army Corps of Engineers.
© Brooklyn Daily Eagle 2005
All materials posted on brooklyneagle.com are protected by United States copyright law and may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, displayed, published or broadcast without written permission, which can be sought by emailing [email protected].
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-******PRESS RELEASE IMMEDIATE RELEASE******
******Admiral’s Row Coalition calls for Moratorium of Demolition******
(October 7, 2005)
A growing coalition of concerned community organizations including the Historic Districts Council, New York Landmarks Conservancy, Pratt Institute, Myrtle Avenue Brooklyn Partnership, Brooklyn Heights Association, Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance, Boerum Hill Association, The Society for Clinton Hill, New York Preservation Alliance, Farragut Tenants Association, Walt Whitman Houses, Carlton Willoughby Block Association, Municipal Art Society, Vanderbilt Avenue Block Association, and The Historic Wallabout Association have joined voices with the Fort Greene Association to form the Admiral’s Row Coalition.
Together the Coalition is requesting that the City Council and Mayor Michael Bloomberg place a moratorium on the demolition of Admiral’s Row located at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. Information released in a recently performed survey of the historic site by noted engineering firm, Robert Silman Associates states “that six of the residential masonry brick buildings are salvageable” has redoubled the efforts of preservationists and developers to halt the demolition of this public asset. The Coalition is requesting that the site be “mothballed” to prevent any further deterioration of the site and in addition a request for proposal be issued for adaptive reuse redevelopment. Redevelopment of the historic asset should be advised by the Coalition with strong attention to the needed community services and quality of life requirements of the surrounding residents of the Farragut, Whitman, and Ingersoll Houses while acknowledging the historic significance of the site located at the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
Paul Palazzo a member of the Fort Greene Association and member of the Coalition states that “mothballing Admiral’s Row now is a low cost solution that will allow the City, the market sector, and the surrounding neighborhoods to make an accurate appraisal of Admiral’s Row. Bringing Admiral’s Row to the open market with guidance from the community will be a win for jobs, a win for the needs of the local residents, and a win for the recognition of the monumental effort and sacrifice made by New Yorkers at this location.”
The Coalition also requests that the City Council alter the proposed ULURP application and bisect the land parcel as to not interfere with the imminent plans of the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation to construct light manufacturing buildings on the land not containing the historic structures. The City Council is expected to vote on the transfer of property by the end of October.
“What I really don’t want to see is a grocery store. What we need are other services in this community” – Mary Andrews, Farragut Tenants Association “
We should not rush to destroy Admiral’s Row. We may be throwing away a huge economic benefit and cultural treasure for the local community and the City of New York.
– Paul Palazzo, Admiral’s Row Coalition.
For further information please contact
Phillip Kellogg, Chair, the Fort Greene Association
718-875-1855
e-mail: [email protected]
Download this October 7 press release
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-Help the FGA save Admiral’s Row.
Write a letter to the following elected officials today. The Demolition could be as soon as the end of October.
Councilmember Melinda Katz
District Office Address:
104-01 Metropolitan Ave.
Forest Hills, New York, 11375
District Office Phone No.: (718) 544-8800
Fax Phone No.: (718) 544-4452
Manhattan Office Address:
250 Broadway, 17th Floor
New York, 10007
Manhattan Office Phone No.: (212) 788-6981
Email: [email protected]
Councilmemeber David Yassky
District Office Address:
114 Court Street
Brooklyn, New York, 11201
District Office Phone No.: (718) 875-5200
Fax Phone No.: (718) 643-6620
Manhattan Office Address:
250 Broadway, 18th Floor
New York, 10007
Manhattan Office Phone No.: (212) 788-7348
Email: [email protected]
Council Speaker Gifford Miller
District Office Address:
336 East 73rd Street (Suite C)
New York, New York, 10021
District Office Phone No.: (212) 535-5554
Fax Phone No.: (212) 535-6098
Manhattan Office Address:
City Hall
New York, 10007
Manhattan Office Phone No.: (212) 788-7210
Email: [email protected]
Councilmember Letitia James
District Office Address:
67 Hanson Place
Brooklyn, NY, 11217
District Office Phone No.: 718-260-9191
Fax Phone No.: 718-260-9099
Manhattan Office Address:
250 Broadway
NY, 10007
Manhattan Office Phone No.: 212-788-7081
Email: [email protected]
Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg
City Hall
New York, NY 10007
PHONE 311 (or 212-NEW-YORK outside NYC)
FAX (212) 788-2460
E-MAIL:http://www.nyc.gov/html/mail/html/mayor.html
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-E-BULLETIN OF THE HISTORIC DISTRICTS COUNCIL
October 2005, Volume 2 Number 10
19th Century Admirals’ Row Houses To Be Demolished For Supermarket!

The Officer’s Quarters along Flushing Avenue in the Brooklyn Navy Yard have long been unprotected landmarks in need. Originally built around the time of the Civil War for officers and their families, this row of French Empire style masonry and wood buildings (also called Admiral’s Row) have been vacant since the 1970’s. They are part of a six-acre site that is the process of being given over to the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation for new industrial development. The houses themselves have long been neglected, and two of them have sustained recent fire damage (there are six in total). The BNYDC has proposed to demolish the buildings and develop a supermarket on the site, citing job development concerns and the creation of a community amenity. While the development corporation has been, for the most part, a responsible steward for the numerous historic properties under their stewardship, HDC – joined by a coalition of community groups that neighbor the Navy Yard – strenuously objects to the demolition of the historic buildings and is disappointed in the development corporation’s lack of vision.

Our colleagues at the New York Landmarks Conservancy arranged for noted engineer Robert Silman Associates to assess the buildings’ viability and, based on their review, RSA felt “confident that the buildings can be satisfactorily repaired and restored.” The report noted that these buildings could be temporarily stabilized for over five years, which would be more than long enough for the Navy Yard to issue a Request for Proposal for development that would retain or incorporate the buildings, which is what the Coalition for the Preservation of Admiral’s Row is advocating. We believe that the buildings at Admiral’s Row are historic treasures that serve as important reminders of the Brooklyn Navy Yard’s role as one of the largest naval stations in the country. These buildings are a community amenity, and to demolish them for a big-box supermarket, which is planned, flies in the face of forty years of preservation planning. The last step of the public process for the development corporation to gain control of the property will be a hearing at City Council sometime in October.

Please contact CM Miguel Martinez; [email protected], Chair of the Subcommittee on Planning & Depositions and let him know that the Council must insist that the Brooklyn Navy Development Corporation agrees to issue an open call for proposals that incorporate the preservation of Admiral’s Row before they can gain control of the site.

The Advocate for New York City’s Historic Neighborhoods
232 East 11th Street New York NY 10003
tel: 212-614-9107 fax: 212-614-9127 email: [email protected]

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1.Join the FGA Landmarks Committee
(email to [email protected])
2.Write a letter to the current owners of the property the US Federal Government
Senator Charles E. Schumer
757 Third Avenue
Suite 17-02
New York, NY 10017
Phone: 212-486-4430
Fax: 212-486-7693

Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton
780 Third Ave
Suite 2601
New York, NY 10017
Phone: (212) 688-6262
Fax: (212) 688-7444

Congresswoman Nydia M. Velázquez
268 Broadway, 2nd Floor
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Phone (718) 599-3658

Copy the letter to:
Councilperson Letitia James
67 Hanson Place
Brooklyn, NY, 11217
Phone: 718-260-9191
Fax: 718-260-9099
3. Testify at the scheduled ULURP hearing at:
City Planning Commission
Wednesday August 24, 2005 10:00AM
Spector Hall
22 Reade Street
New York, NY
For agenda and speaking form visit http://nyc.gov/html/dcp/pdf/luproc/calendar.pdf

-Admiral’s Row visual tour August 4, 2005.
Views of Officer’s Quarters in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
Notes by Simeon Bankoff, Historic Districts Council.
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July 2005 Fort Greene Association warns of imminent historical loss at Brooklyn Navy Yard

Thursday, July 7th, 2005

Help Save Admiral’s Row

- Join the FGA Landmarks Committee
(email to [email protected])
Write a letter to the current owners of the property the US Federal Government
Senator Charles E. Schumer
757 Third Avenue
Suite 17-02
New York, NY 10017
Phone: 212-486-4430
Fax: 212-486-7693

Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton
780 Third Ave
Suite 2601
New York, NY 10017
Phone: (212) 688-6262
Fax: (212) 688-7444

Congresswoman Nydia M. Velázquez
268 Broadway, 2nd Floor
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Phone (718) 599-3658

Copy the letter to:
Councilperson Letitia James
67 Hanson Place
Brooklyn, NY, 11217
Phone: 718-260-9191
Fax: 718-260-9099

Admiral’s Row visual tour August 4, 2005.
Views of Officer’s Quarters in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.

Another interior. Again, walls & floor appear stable.

Interior of one of the buildings. Interior walls are stable, as are the majority of floors.

Two views of interior staircases. Again, stairs and masonry walls appear to be stable.

Interior of one of the buildings. Note stability of hearth

Exterior walls, note that windows have been covered with Lexan to prevent further water penetration.

Interior of one of the buildings. Note stability of hearth

Notes by Simeon Bankoff, Historic Districts Council.
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July 26, 2005 The Fort Greene Association [FGA] warns the com-
munity of New York of the imminent destruction of the historic
structures known as Admiral’s Row located in the Brooklyn Navy
Yard.
As presented to Brooklyn Community Board 2 on June 23rd by Eric
Deutsch of the Brooklyn Navy Yard Development Corporation
[BNYDC] the buildings which are currently owned by the US Army
Corps of Engineers have been seriously neglected and are to be dis-
charged to the City of New York. Upon completion of this trans-
action the BNYDC plans to demolish them to make way for
retail box stores.
According to Paul Palazzo, chair of the FGA Landmarks Action
Committee “It is ironic that the Federal Government which owns
Admiral’s Row has chosen to neglect the same structures which
served to protect it. Now we have the opportunity to rectify this
wrong by acknowledging our past while building for the future.
The restoration and incorporation of Admiral’s Row into the over-
all development plans for the Navy Yard will enhance BNYDC’s
previous and ongoing restoration efforts and importantly provide
a more complete depiction of the area’s history. The FGA calls
for the adaptive reuse of Admiral’s Row thereby saluting the
Navy Yard’s historical service while at the same time providing
the surrounding community with needed retail services.”
Simeon Bankoff of The Historic Districts Council [HDC] agrees
with the FGA on its position of adaptive reuse and urged BNYDC
in writing stating “Today, seven of the ten Admiral’s Row houses.
Which were built between 1864 and 1901, still remain. While in
declining condition, they certainly could be restored to their original
grandeur and serve as vital components, both historically and
practically for this neighborhood. They could be easily incorporated
into the Navy Yard plans and provide much needed retail or com-
mercial spaces for the community.”

The FGA asks BNYDC to reconsider their inflexible position as
formerly they have been a great steward of the Navy Yard performing
other restorations which have revitalized and preserved the Navy
Yard’s character. In addition the FGA calls on the entire City Council
to act appropriately and link the transfer of these properties to the
City of New York to historic preservation when this issue comes be-
fore the body for vote in the city ULURP process.
“One thing is certain, once these building are destroyed so will be a
piece of New York’s history; a piece of history that demonstrates
New York’s service and sacrifice to the Nation. It is shameful that we
choose not to honor this history especially in a time of war.”
–Paul Palazzo, FGA
For further information please contact
the Fort Greene Association 718-875-1855
e-mail: the [email protected]
web: www.HistoricFortGreene.org
For general information on Admiral’s Row visit
www.Officersrow.org

press release June 8 2005 page 1

press release June 5 2005 page 2

July 26, 2005 press release

2004 Graffiti

Wednesday, September 1st, 2004

Graffiti
Along with the recognition Fort Greene has been receiving, as of late we have also seen an increase in property tagging or graffiti. With your help we can send these “artists” packing. If you see graffiti please call Graffiti-Free Brooklyn at 718-802-3875 to report graffiti from either residential or commercial buildings.

Graffiti
By i.leon golomb
staring at one,
and with headlight-like glare,
as the silver scrawls shine in the night,
there are those who seem unaware or uninterested as they multiply like a plague.
……………with neighborhood tours
now advertising Fort Greene as a neighborhood under siege…….
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Not so poetic! - Graffiti on the rise in Fort Greene
If you see graffiti please report it to the Graffiti-Free Brooklyn- 718.802.3875.
Be sure to call with an actual address where you have seen a tag.
September Newsletter article on Graffiti

History of Fort Greene

Monday, June 9th, 2003

Prehistory
Bleakly during the last great Ice Age some 12,000 years ago, a crunching slurry of massive granite boulders, rocks and gravelly clay bruised down across the whole northern rim of America from Cape Cod to Washington State. One of the last great puddles of this terminal moraine (final downwash) settled as hillocks and sandy valleys across Long Island, ending at a cleft at what is now the East River. Fort Greene is a part of that “imported” land, stretching from Clinton Hill at the east down to the waterfront and Navy Yard at the west, opposite lower Manhattan.
Perhaps about 800 A.D. a gradual movement of Native Americans advanced from the Delaware area into lower New York, ultimately settling as part of the Canarsie tribe among 13 tribes of the Algonquin Nation. While it is believed that in 1524 the explorer, Giovanni da Verrazzano, entered New York Harbor, the English navigator, Henry Hudson, aboard the Half Moon, did sail farther into the North River (now Hudson) in 1609. In the employ of the Dutch East India Company, he sought an imagined Northwest Passage to the Far East. The Dutch sent out merchants the following year to trade for furs with the Indians, and soon claimed this outpost as New Amsterdam. In Brooklyn, the first of several Dutch purchases of land from the Indians began in 1636, followed in a year by the sale of land to Joris Janssen de Rapelje, a Walloon (now called a Belgian), who secured 335 acres around Wallabout Bay, or Waalbogt. That bay is now the Navy Yard.
-Breuckelen
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By 1646, five early Dutch towns on western Long Island united as one, called Breuckelen for its namesake near Amsterdam, Holland. The town’s first Italian was Peter Caesar Alberti who started a tobacco plantation near the bay in Fort Greene in 1649, but was killed six years later by the native people. Other plots of land became farms for such families as the Jacksons, Ryersons and van Couwenhovens. The Dutch yielded New Netherlands to British sovereignty in 1664, under the Duke of York, but growth of Brooklyn’s population was very slow—by 1698 there were 509 people, including 65 slaves, and at the start of the War of Independence in 1775, there were only 3,500.

When British forces anchored in the Narrows near Gravesend in 1776, the American Patriots had already created a redoubt, Fort Putnam, on the hillock that is now Fort Greene Park—renamed later in honor of Gen. Nathaniel Greene, one of Washington’s top aides. But vastly outnumbered by the British and Hessian troops, the Patriots had to retreat from the southern reaches of Brooklyn toward Fort Greene, and on the night of August 29, 1776, under a cover of rain and fog, Gen. Washington ordered all his men evacuated by small boats to Manhattan. It was a defeat, yet a victory by saving the army for another day—and ultimate triumph.
Meantime, the British commanded all New York citizens to swear allegiance to the Crown, or face imprisonment aboard derelict old boats moored in Wallabout Bay. Some 11,500 of those prisoners, primarily sailors including African Americans and a few nationals of other countries, and at least one woman who bore a son on board, died of starvation or pestilence. Their bodies were heaved overboard, either for shallow burial in the sands, or simply to wash up on shore. By 1806 the citizens of Fort Greene began collecting those remains for interment in a small crypt near the western edge of the Navy Yard.
Robert Fulton’s steamboat of 1814, the Nassau, gave a new boost to Fort Greene, and, later on, horse-drawn cars to Fulton Ferry made daily commutes to Manhattan quite feasible. By 1846 the poet Walt Whitman called for a public park to include the hill where Fort Putnam had been, and to give it the new name of Washington Park. More than a quarter of a century afterward, the Prison Ship Martyrs’ remains were moved into a permanent crypt in this hilly area that had been designed by the famous park planners, William Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. Twenty slate coffins are within the crypt, a few of them purposely left empty should more bones ever be found. Surmounting the chamber under the park’s broad granite stairway is an arched ceiling composed of Guastavino tiles. To add to their honor, a 145-foot tall Doric column Martyrs Monument, designed by Stanford White, was erected and dedicated by President-elect Wm. Howard Taft in 1908.
-Fort Greene Grows Up
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Only a few farm houses had been built in the area in the 1840s, but the 1850s saw a real estate boom that required new streets to be laid out. Developers seized on the idea of spiffy London names to add cachet, with Fort Greene streets dubbed as Portland, Oxford, Cumberland. Gas lighting lit homes, water lines as well as flush toilets and sewers eliminated privies, and hammers pounded incessantly into the 1860s. Baby buggies also abounded. Grand Italianate row houses sprang up on South Portland Avenue, bearing a flourish of ornamental doorway pediments and bracketed cornices, all in high relief, and inspired by old palaces in Italy. These houses were followed in the next decade by the stylized geometric order of the English architect, Charles Eastlake. Their ornamentation is simplified and incised in the stone, with angularly framed doorways and windows. A few examples the Eastlake style are in South Oxford Street.
-Civil War
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Lincoln’s election in 1860 was soon followed by South Carolina’s secession from the Union, and the Civil War began. Although they had not given their full vote to Lincoln, the people of Fort Greene were strongly pro-Union and in favor of abolition. New York State had outlawed slavery in 1827. Brooklyn’s first “Coloured” school, where the Walt Whitman Houses are today, opened 20 years later. Perhaps half of Brooklyn’s African Americans of that period lived in the Fort Greene-to-Brooklyn City Hall section. Labor competition for jobs at the Navy Yard, however, grew fierce during the Civil War and the Draft Riots by hooligans, often pitted against skilled black workers, grew ugly.
Yet black accomplishment could not be denied. The principal of P.S. 67 in 1863 was African American, and by 1882 Dr. Phillip A. White became the first black member of Brooklyn’s Board of Education. The village of Weeksville near Schenectady Avenue, where some Fort Greene blacks relocated, also produced the first female African American physician and the first black police officer in New York.
During the Civil War itself, the 14th Infantry Regiment of Fort Greene distinguished itself heroically. Notably at Gettysburg under the command of a Fulton Street office manager, Gen. Edward B. Fowler, the 14th virtually turned the tide of the Civil War to the Union’s favor. Men of this regiment wore red flannel trousers, and they fought so fiercely that the Confederates referred to them as Red Legged Devils. Gen. Fowler’s statue now stands at the apex of Fulton Street and Lafayette Avenue.
-The 20th Century
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Most construction in Fort Greene was completed by the end of the 1890s. Only five superb buildings from the first third of the 20th Century were added: the HSBC (Williamsburgh) Bank, Hanson Place Central Methodist Church, Queen of All Saints RC Church, the Masonic Temple and the Brooklyn Academy of Music. Enrico Caruso and Geraldine Farrar opened the Academy in 1908 in a performance of Charles Gounod’s Faust.

In the 1920s-40s Fort Greene was a brightly lit Hollywood showcase with numerous cinemas, including the Paramount from 1928 which had a great Wurlitzer organ, still in place. On the side of Paramount along DeKalb Avenue (now the Long Island University gymnasium) there remains a palimpsest of a sign advertising the Paramount Theatre. Marianne Moore, the poet, lived in Cumberland Street during this period, and she was a big fan of the Brooklyn Dodgers. She once wrote that “Baseball is like writing, and writing is exciting.” Richard Wright’s celebrated novel, Native Son, was also written in Fort Greene when the author lived in Carlton Avenue.
By the mid-1950s Fort Greene was in serious decline, a product of the earlier Depression and the chopping up of grand homes into rooming house for Navy Yard workers during World War II. Many homes became derelict or abandoned, their windows and roofs totally gone; dirty mattresses and trash in the yards. A growing surge of newcomers began reclaiming these grand houses in the 1960s and a desire for Historic District designation took root. The movement was led by the late Mr. Herbert Scott Gibson, an African American who lived in the street called Washington Park. He organized the Fort Greene Landmarks Preservation Committee whose efforts led to success. In 1978 the NYC Landmarks Preservation Commission designated both the Fort Greene and BAM Historic Districts. In order to incorporate as a non-profit, the earlier committee obtained IRS approval in 1994 as the Fort Greene Association, Inc.
-Fort Greene Today
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Fort Greene includes two New York City landmarked districts: the Fort Greene Historic District and the Brooklyn Academy of Music Historic District. These two adjacent districts are also listed on the National and New York State Registers of Historic Places.
Fort Greene showcases 19th Century building arts in a progression from early frame houses of the 1840s-50s to brick and brownstone from the Civil War era, and on to the 1880s. Here are some of New York’s finest examples of neo-Grec, Italianate and Second Empire styles, as well as a popular style after the 1870s. It is best seen in South Oxford Street between Lafayette and DeKalb Avenues where homes show the geometrically abstracted design derived from the work of the English architect, Sir Charles Eastlake.
Only five notable examples of later architecture, all from the first quarter of the 20th Century, are the HSBC (Williamsburgh) Bank tower, the Hanson Place United Methodist Church. The Masonic Temple, Queen of All Saints RC Church, and the Brooklyn Academy of Music. No less than Enrico Caruso and Geraldine Farrar starred at the opening of the Academy in 1908.
-Fort Greene Park and Fowler Square
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The highest point in Fort Greene is a 30-acre park from which the area takes its name. Fort Greene Park was built on the site of the early Fort Putnam in the War of Independence. It was later called Fort Washington, as well as ultimately being renamed after Gen. Nathaniel Greene, one of George Washington’s key aides. The grounds were designed in 1867 by Olmsted and Vaux, who also created Central and Prospect Parks. In 1908 a Doric column Martyrs Monument was dedicated to approximately 11,500 patriots during the Revolution in the 1770s. These Americans died of illness and starvation aboard British prison ships in Wallabout Bay. Many of their remains are in a crypt below the monument.
A statue of Gen. Edward B. Fowler, leader of the New York 14th Regiment during the Civil War, stands at the junction of Lafayette Avenue and Fulton Street. His troops from the Fort Greene area excelled at the Battle of Gettysburg, halting a brigade of Confederates at great cost in lives. Gen. Fowler’s regiment was so fearsome, the enemy referred to the men as the Red Legged Devils because they ware sprightly red britches.
-A Bright Future
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At the turn into the 21st Century Fort Greene embraces high hope as a vital part of downtown Brooklyn. A rising crest of talented young artists and professionals has taken residence here. Creative shops and restaurants now line the avenues. Better still, innovation and culture is more assured with the arrival of the Mark Morris Dance Group, a new High School of the Arts that includes courses in preservation, a revitalized Brooklyn Music School, 651 Arts that advances African American performing arts, the Alliance of Resident Theatres/New York, and of course the Brooklyn Academy of Music—all these are enviable assets for Fort Greene’s future. More promises are still unfolding with the Brooklyn Academy of Music Local Development Corporation that seeks to build a new Visual and Performing Arts Library and other new vehicles of culture.

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